![]() ![]() Six weeks later she presented with increased pain intensity, functional limitation, and evidence of a collapse of the femoral head in the X-rays. (1976) Normal values of the hip joint for the evaluation of X-rays in children and adults. An August 2017 study in the Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma reported on a case of a 76-year-old female who presented with hip pain of sudden onset and normal X-rays. The PennHIP method of evaluation is the most evidence-based hip screening method available to date and is more accurate than OFA in its ability to predict the onset of osteoarthritis. Excessive external rotation of a normal hip can also break Shenton’s line without subluxation of the femoral head. In contrast, OFA can be performed by any veterinarian who then chooses to select the best images or decline to submit radiographs that show evidence of hip laxity or osteoarthritis for evaluation, thus skewing the database towards better hips.Īlthough OFA radiographs are considered the “gold standard” by many breeders and kennel clubs for evaluating and diagnosing osteoarthritis, this radiographic screening method has been shown to underestimate true hip laxity and to be unable to predict a dog’s susceptibility for developing osteoarthritis or hip dysplasia later in life. PennHIP requires all certified veterinarians who undertake this method to submit all radiographs to be included in a database, regardless of hip quality. Conversely, PennHIP radiographs can accurately and consistently predict future changes to the hips as early as 16 weeks of age. In order to receive official certification for breeding, OFA radiographs cannot be performed until the dog is at least 24 months of age at the time of evaluation. Acetabular and femoral parameters that are assessed on plain radiographs are then described.Whereas PennHip uses objective measurements to evaluate hip laxity, OFA is a radiographic screening method used for assessing and diagnosing osteoarthritis in the canine hip joint that uses a subjective seven-point grading system (excellent, good, fair, borderline, mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia, or severe dysplasia) graded by a small panel of board-certified veterinary radiologists based upon subjective assessment of the hip conformation. This article aims to summarise the most important aspects of the assessment of plain radiographs performed on the young adult hip joint. This paper begins by describing the parameters that potentially impact the quality of antero-posterior (AP) and lateral radiographs of the hip, and the variations in lateral radiographs that can be used. The series is requested for a myriad of reasons from trauma to atraumatic hip pain. Radiographic examination remains the mainstay of the initial assessment however, common parameters are required to assist in the formation of accurate diagnoses and appropriate management plans including appropriate further imaging. The hip series is comprised of an anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiograph of the hip joint. An enhanced awareness of the presence of structural disorders of the hip, such as developmental dysplasia of the hip and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), has fuelled an evolution in the assessment of patients with hip pain and enhanced our ability to diagnose patients, even in cases where there are mild structural abnormalities.
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